Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) utilizing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes have emerged as a effective technology for wastewater treatment due to their ability to achieve high removal rates of organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms. To optimize the performance of these systems, several key factors need to be meticulously considered. The

PVDF membrane bioreactors offer promising results in wastewater treatment applications. Recent studies have investigated the performance of these systems regarding various factors, including removal efficiency for contaminants. Data indicate that PVDF membrane bioreactors successfully remove a wide range of pollutants from wastewater. The performan